{"id":1232,"date":"2022-09-05T10:47:33","date_gmt":"2022-09-05T10:47:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jarrumestarit.fi\/?page_id=1232"},"modified":"2026-03-12T01:48:23","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T01:48:23","slug":"tekniikka","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/jarrumestarit.fi\/en\/tekniikka\/","title":{"rendered":"Technology"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Vuoristorata is one of the few remaining roller coasters in the world with trains that have manually operated brakes. Before automatic pneumatic brake systems became common on roller coasters starting in the 1960s, wooden roller coasters had either brakes operated with brake levers on the platform, or brakes built in the train operated from a brake handle located on the train. The advantage of the latter is that the roller coasters could be built with bigger hills and drops, because the speed of the train could be slowed down during the course. In addition, several trains could be sent to the track at a time, because the trains can be stopped at any time. In systems operated manually from the platform, the skid brakes that stop the train were usually at the end and on the platform, so only one train could be on the course at a time.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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The concept of a brakeman-operated roller coaster was developed by the legendary American roller coaster designer LaMarcus Adna Thompson (1848\u20131919) in the 1880s. <\/p>\n

At least 60 brakeman-operated roller coasters are known to have been built between 1898 and 1951 by Thompson and later by other builders, both for amusement parks and temporary exhibitions. Most of these roller coasters have since been closed and\/or demolished; only six of them are left in operation, one of which is Vuoristorata. Therefore Vuoristorata is a unique amusement ride even on a global scale.<\/p>\n

Roller coasters with brakemen in operation around the world:<\/p>\n

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  1. Scenic Railway<\/a> \u2013 Luna Park, Melbourne, Australia (opened in 1912)<\/li>\n
  2. Rutschebanen<\/a> \u2013 Tivoli, Copenhagen, Denmark (1914)<\/li>\n
  3. Monta\u00f1a Suiza<\/a> \u2013 Parque de Atracciones Monte Igueldo, San Sebastian, Spain (1928)<\/li>\n
  4. Roller Coaster<\/a> \u2013 Pleasure Beach, Great Yarmouth, England (1932)<\/li>\n
  5. Hochschaubahn<\/a> \u2013 Prater, Vienna, Austria (1950)<\/li>\n
  6. Vuoristorata \u2013 Linnanm\u00e4ki, Helsinki, Finland (1951)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Although Vuoristorata was opened in 1951, it was built according to the drawings of\u00a0Rutschebanen<\/a>, located in Bakken amusement park in Denmark, so Vuoristorata already represented 20-year-old technology in its opening year. Danish Valdemar Lebech (1884\u20131975), who was responsible for the construction of Vuoristorata, was also responsible for the construction of Bakken's roller coaster in 1932 and earlier in 1914 also for the construction of Tivoli's Rutschebanen, together with an Irish engineer Walter H. Quinlan (1881\u20131940). The design and drawings of Tivoli's roller coaster were made by Thompson's Scenic Railway Company.<\/p>

    Thompson had been granted the first patent<\/a> for a brakeman-operated roller coaster in 1885.\u00a0He subsequently developed new versions of trains and their braking systems and received several other patents between 1889 and 1913.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0In the 1892 version<\/a> the brake shoes pressed against the wheels. In the next version, the brake shoes pressed downwards against the rails; in this case, the braking force depended on the mass of the train. The patent for the fourth version<\/a> was granted to Thompson in August 1913. This version was already close in principles and structure to the model according to which Vuoristorata was later built: the brake shoes were turned so that they pressed against the sides of the track, and the brakeman's position was moved from the middle of the train to its rear.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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    \u00a0In the early 1920s, a refined roller coaster model was developed from Thompson's ideas. The train's structure was refined, locking safety bars were added, and the track and the wheels of the train were designed so that the train could not derail or jump off the rails. The original designer of these changes is not known for certain, but it is very likely that the project involved Englishman Frederick James (F.J.) Bird, who managed the London office of the Scenic Railway Company in the 1910s and later ran his own business called Amusements Construction Company in the 1920s. After the company went bankrupt in 1929, Bird moved to a farm in the village of White Colne, Essex, where he continued to design roller coasters.<\/p>

    In 1931, Bird was responsible for the drawings for Bakken's roller coaster. The drawings modified for Vuoristorata were made by Danish architect J\u00fcrgen Adler-Nissen.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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    At least four roller coasters were built based on the aforementioned train and track model: Racer at Wembley Exhibition<\/a> (1924, demolished in 1925), Bakken's Rutschebanen (1932, converted to use automatic braking system in 2010) and Vuoristorata in 1951; in addition, Liseberg's Bergbanan<\/a> (originally built in 1923) was converted to use the new track and trains in 1952 (demolished in 1987). Of these, the only one left in its original form is Vuoristorata.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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    Vuoristorata in numbers<\/h4>\n